ABSTRACT
The subject of the study in the article is the e-commerce market in Europe. The aim of the article is to analyze the regional features of e-commerce in Europe using the main development indicators of e-commerce. The paper uses the method of desktop research, i.e. the analysis of available data, which is to obtain and study information that is already in the form of reports, statistics and research. In addition, the impact of COVID-19 on the development of e-commerce in Europe was presented. © 2022 - IOS Press. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The main purpose of the paper is to identify and analyse a state of exploratory motivating factors in terms of lean management as the instrument of a policy of human resource man-agement in the face of COVID-19 pandemic implemented in service companies. The main question is: if the motivation system used in the companies works out up against the unpre-dictable situation such as COVID-19 pandemic? The secondary purpose of the paper is to recognise relations and dependencies between these factors, and the question is: what factors have the strongest or the weakest relations with Lean Staff Management (LSM) tools? This research designed based on interview was conducted due to the lack of existing studies on the current status of motivating factors in terms of lean management tools in two service companies (case studies) in the light of COVID-19. The results show that factors influencing work efficiency in a dominating manner were, primarily, financial incentives (almost 21%), communications (around 21%), and workplace atmosphere (almost 18%). The paper inves-tigates also the benefits and concerns of implementing LSM in service companies during the pandemic. This research might help the service organization's management to identify the employees' problems to implement more effective lean services.